December 2006


I’m not generally a fan of posting new year resolutions lists, mostly because many people create huge long lists of such vaguely-worded goals that you know the whole thing is going down the shitter by January 2nd. “Be a better person” - you need to write that down to remember to make it a goal???

But there are a few things I want to accomplish, food-wise, in the coming year, so I thought perhaps posting them would make me more accountable to actually achieving them, and might also inspire other folks to think about their own food-related goals for the upcoming year.

1. Stop using the term “foodie”. Likewise “blog”. Unfortunately, despite the lameness of both, few alternative terms exist. Ponder this extensively.

2. Stop eating crap meals at mediocre restaurants. Go to one really good place every couple of weeks rather than dumping money into uninspiring restaurants or garbage take-out.

3. Learn more about wine. I’ve no desire to become an oenophile, but some basics such as knowing the difference between the types would be a good start.

4. Try new stuff that I’ll never have a chance to eat otherwise - even if it means falling off the vegetarian wagon in the spirit of expanding my palate.

5. Become braver in the kitchen, cook all the things that are intimidating, even if I fuck them up. On the to-do list: eggs benedict with real hollandaise, puff pastry, bagels, souffle, nougat, pretzels, jam. (It should be noted that, with the exception of the bagels and the pretzels, I have cooked everything else on the list before. But not extensively, and in most cases, more than a decade ago while at school.)

6. Bake bread once a week until I’ve perfected it.

7. Turn my food writing into a full-time situation, or at least a decently-paying gig.

So, those are my (hopefully very achievable) food-related goals for 2007. What are yours?

First, I should make it clear that I am not adverse to receiving baked goods as gifts, lest the following rant dissuade any potential friends and admirers from doing so. I like the cake and the pie and the candy, oh yes I do. I like the homemade stuff and the store-bought stuff (trans fats or not). What I don’t like is the pretentious stuff.

My brother and his wife gifted Greg and I with a very swank little cake for Christmas. Created in a little bakery shop on the boardwalk of Halifax Harbour by a company called RumRunners (as most of their cakes are made with rum, a long-time Nova Scotian staple, particularly during prohibition), this cake was actually made with Glen Breton Whisky.

As an aside, Glenora Distilleries are the first single malt distiller in Canada. We had a bottle of their first offerings a few years back and it was, to be polite, godawful. It has apparently since improved a great deal and has gained international recognition. Currently they are being threatened with legal action from some Scottish Whisky Association, because according to the Scots, only whisky from Scotland can be a “Glen”.

Part of the cachet of the cake, and this little bakery, is that everything is made onsite. And you can apparently watch the process through a window as you stroll along the boardwalk on your way to some of the other high-end tenants, such as the very swank restaurant Bish. The whole area is designed for tourists or the upscale yuppies living in the condos nearby.

The cake itself, I’m sorry to say, was a disappointment. Arriving in a lovely tin and shrink-wrapped in heavy plastic that keeps the cake for up to three months, it was both dry and vaguely soggy at the same time - dry bottom, soggy top, to be specific. Also, uneven and verging on unattractive. The ingredients were of the highest quality: sugar, flour, eggs, butter, milk, water, whisky, pecans, coconut… and that’s where things go askew. For the coconut used in the cake was a presweetened product that included propylene glycol and sorbitol. Now why would you go and ruin a prefectly good cake, made with fresh, real ingredients, and then throw in some crappy, chemical-coated coconut??

Flavour-wise, the whisky was discernable, but simply as “whisky”. I probably wouldn’t have been able to tell a Glen Breton cake from a Cardhu cake or a Dalwhinnie cake, or any cake made with a sweet, heathery whisky. A smokey peaty whisky might have changed the flavour, and probably not in a good way, but that’s really the only taste factor that would have created a difference.

To counter the dryness of the cake, I doused it liberally with a homemade whisky sauce, made with Dalmore. Not because I have a great love for Dalmore, but because it was the easiest to reach as the Christmas tree was blocking the whisky shelf.

I think the most disappointing aspect of the whole experience was the company’s website. I visited hoping to see some photos of the actual shop, the products, and the baking process. By my brother’s description, it sounds like a lovely place, full of the great smell of rum cake being made. The website is both overinformative yet tells you almost nothing about the product, instead going on about the long history of rum running. Which would be fine, if there were pictures of cake!!!

I’ve got half a cake left, wrapped and placed in the freezer. I’m not really sure what to do with the rest of it. I’m envisioning some kind of trifle with a whisky-laced custard and perhaps some candied pecans and plenty of caramel sauce.

Anyone have any other ideas?

First up, I should make it clear that I’m not a fan of French food – either cooking it or eating it. I find it excessively meaty, saucy, heavy and especially fussy. Give me a nice spicy curry or some Ethiopian stewed collard greens any day of the week.

That’s not to say I haven’t cooked and eaten French food, as my year of cooking school was based almost entirely around classic French cuisine, it being the supposed basis and benchmark for all other cuisines (which is complete and utter bullshit, but French chefs, and especially French cooking instructors insist it’s true). So when I first heard about the Julie/Julia Project in which one NYC woman sets herself a goal of working her way through Julia Child’s first volume of Mastering the Art of French Cooking (in a year, no less), my first thought was “Why the hell would anyone do THAT???” Then my second thought was that the only other person I had heard of who worked their way right through that book was Martha Stewart, which to me typifies the type of personality you’d need not to go completely nuts in the process.

Turns out Julia Powell doesn’t have that Martha Stewart perfectionist personality, though, and it works against her significantly during the course of her project.

See, because the other thing you really need to master French cooking is a razor sharp sense of organization and excessive amounts of common sense. Based on Powell’s book, she appears to have neither, to the point where the surprise twist at the end is that she hasn’t set her apartment on fire, poisoned her husband and guests, or chopped off part of her hand.

The first clue comes when she cooks a marrowbone, sending her husband and friends all over Manhattan in search of the thing. Who knew a hunk of beef bone was so elusive? Or that the magical device the rest of us know as a telephone is still unknown to New Yorkers who don’t, apparently, have the leisure of calling their local shops and butchers to enquire about products. Powell finally gets her marrowbone and sets about trying to chop it in half with a chef’s knife because she does not own the necessary cleaver. When unsuccessful, she resorts to scraping the marrow out manually. The whole time I’m reading this passage, my thought over and over again was - why didn’t she just have the butcher cut it lengthwise for her? Powell clues in to this option near the end of the book when faced with cooking marrow again, when her butcher offers to split the bone for her.

Proper tools, such as the non-existent cleaver seem to plague Powell, and part of the last chapter of the book mentions her delight at finally acquiring a boning knife which makes her life considerably easier. To which one can only ask, in a pained and querulous refrain – why the hell didn’t you have a boning knife to start with???? Cooking well is made up of equal parts skill, ingredients and timing, but having the proper tools and being prepared should never be overlooked. That’s why mise en place is pounded into the heads of every cooking student the world over.

Not only does Powell not have the correct tools for the job, she often doesn’t even read the recipes ahead of time. She writes about a particular cake batter that screwed up on her twice before she realizes she is meant to beat the eggs in a separate bowl. Granted, there is a small typo or omission in the recipe, where the words “the bowl” are used in place of either “a bowl” or “the second bowl”, but Child gives a utensil list in all of her recipes – the requirement of two bowls and the instruction to mix items in the first bowl and then set it aside should have been a clue.

While the story of her adventures is funny and well-written, as is her blog where she documented the whole project as it happened, in the book Powell strays off into almost fictional accounts of Julia Child and her husband Paul’s courtship, a speculative interpretation of Paul Child’s letters, that feels oddly disjointed and has little to do with Powell’s own story, other than the slightly weird sense of closeness she begins to feel with Child as she works her way through the book. At various points she claims to feel Child “in her head”, and that Child is a part of her, just as Powell is, having cooked everything in the book, now a part of Child. Yet she also has, when recipes are not working out, no qualms about blatantly cursing out Child, even referring to her as a bitch. She is hurt and chagrined when a reporter passes along information that Julia Child is unimpressed with the Julie/Julia Project, but never really rationalizes why she thinks Child should care – the chef was ninety or ninety-one at that point – exactly what kind of reaction would anyone expect? Was Powell expecting Child to jump for joy and invite her over for dinner?

Overall, I like Powell’s writing style; she’s quick and witty and from the sounds of things, a complete potty mouth, which is something I can well relate to. I don’t question her reasoning for starting the project, and I’m delighted that it worked out for her, garnering a book deal and an opportunity to leave her much-hated office job. I guess I mostly don’t like her cooking style, or the way that she approached the project overall. Powell seems to have been a moderately skilled home cook, who took on Mastering the Art of French Cooking not as a way to genuinely master the craft (she cooked each recipe once and if it didn’t turn out, still considered it completed), but to have set a goal and accomplish it. That’s not a bad thing in itself, but I can’t help feeling as if Powell’s often haphazard style (one section of the book recounts an enormous maggot colony thriving on her dish rack because the dirty dishes had been left to pile up for days on end) made a bit of a joke out of the whole thing. French cooking and cuisine is serious business, or so all my old instructors would insist, yelling ferociously and waving a spoon around, and it seems as if Powell didn’t take the project with the seriousness a more experienced chef would have expected.

Perhaps Powell should be applauded for her bravery in facing a challenge that many with far more skill and experience would never attempt, or perhaps the whole project would have been a completely different one had she taken the time to prepare herself better beforehand. Or it could be that I’m just cranky because more people don’t own a decent boning knife or know how to use it before they embark on a project where they cook nothing but classic French food for an entire year.

Are you drinking stale coffee? 99% of North Americans are. According to the Merchants of Green Coffee, a truly fresh cup of coffee must be served within 5 days of roasting, within 3 hours of grinding and within 15 minutes of brewing. The key to ensuring this formula is obviously to roast your own.

My first encounter with the Merchants of Green Coffee came at an organic food fair. Set up in the middle of a downtown Toronto park, they were handing out free cups of the most delicious coffee I had ever tasted.

At that point (2002), organic, fair trade coffee was still hard to find in Canada, and the only green beans the average consumer ever came across was in the built-in display case at one of the local coffee chains where they were used as an example, but were not for sale.

My husband and I took a pamphlet and a few weeks later, made our way to the retail store. There, a very wired young man showed us how to roast our coffee beans in a counter-top roaster, and then brewed those same beans for us to drink. We were hooked.

While our brewmaster proceeded to run through the same routine for another customer (thus explaining his coffee jitters – he drank a cup with each customer) we wandered around the shop. Bags of beans from around the world were on display, as well as examples of the set-up used to air-dry certain types of beans. A cozy area of sofas and tables offered a place to sit down and learn more about fair trade and green coffee.

The Merchants have a three-fold philosophy to explain their business.

First, fresh coffee:

The best cup of coffee is a fresh cup of coffee made from high quality beans. Fresh roasted coffee is a naturally sweet tasting beverage with distinctive regional tastes and flavours. It is pure enjoyment for coffee lovers. It is also the economic driver of our business and our reason for being!

Fair Trade:

It seems only natural to us that in order to ensure a consistent supply of high quality coffees, one develop good relationships with, and pay fair prices to, coffee farmers. Paying fair prices lets farmers re-invest profit back into farms and communities to improve quality of life. Fair trade also means equal opportunity and pay, doing business with the highest level of transparency and an equitable exchange with nature.

And Green Business:

Coffee grows best at high elevations on natural biodiverse farms where nature provides the ingredients - fertile soils, rain, sun, warmth and protection - not us. A combination of traditional agricultural methods with new tools and technologies make it possible, and profitable, for farmers to grow coffee sustainably. Being a green business or consumer is making a choice to buy smart, reduce, recycle, and reuse.

The merchants source certified Fair Trade, Organic, Shade Grown and/or Bird-Friendly, and/or 100% Sustainable beans. They have created a sustainable coffee certification and are the only company to source sustainable beans from Costa Rica.

Their extensive website offers information on everything from the history of coffee to how to brew the perfect cup. They have an online catalogue of different beans from around the world – divided by continent – which they can ship anywhere. There are also a variety of subscription programs available so you can have coffee automatically delivered to your door each month.

We left that day with a countertop roaster and two pounds of green beans, and after four years of roasting our own coffee, we could never go back to store-bought. The roasting process is easy and fun (watching the beans brown and pop remains a fascination for me), and having super-fresh home-roasted coffee on hand has spoiled us for coffee anywhere else. Knowing that it is organic, fair-trade and sustainable is just cream.

Merchants of Green Coffee
2 Matilda Street
Toronto, Ontario M4M 1L9
Canada

This post originally appeared on Growers and Grocers, part of the WellFed Network.

The term “Gastronaut” for some reason clicks a switch in my head where I immediately start humming the song “Supernaut” by the band 1000 Homo DJs. One has nothing to do with the other, so it’s more than a little disconcerting.

References to 90s industrial music aside, Gastronaut author Stefan Gates has gone where few of us may ever be brave enough to tread. He cooks the dishes we’ve all heard about but were too busy, scared or squicked to try otherwise.

As Gates rightly points out, food will consume, on average, 16% of a person’s life – this includes not just the eating but the cooking, procuring and the uh… disposal. Seeing as that’s such a high percentage, and seeing as a whole 30% of our life is gone when we tuck ourselves in at night, doesn’t it make sense to make that 16% the very best it can be?

Gastronaut is a combination of essays, experiments and recipes for the oddest dishes you can imagine. From covering a cake in gold leaf to adventures in cannibalism, Gates explores the far regions of culinary experimentation. The essay How to Stage a Bacchanalian Orgy (In the Comfort of Your Own Home) offers some practical advice for a rather impractical party. He also explores the gastronomical qualities of human substances such as nails, hair and, yep, snot, which is, he concludes, healthier to swallow than to expel.

As an experiment, Gates spends a day eating only foods with a reputation for causing flatulence. One assumes he has a very patient and loving wife.

While the first half of the book is really full of rather useless but humorous folly, Gates fills the second section with a collection of very real but odd recipes. Ever wondered what is in gruel? What about all those funny British dishes like Flummery, Hasty Pudding or Mumbled Mushrooms? And Headcheese – everyone should know how to make that, right?

Okay, so Gastronaut isn’t going to become anyone’s favourite recipe book. But it’s an enjoyable and interesting read, particularly for the sociological aspects if not the gastronomical ones. And if you ever do find yourself in need of instructions on how to make suckling pig, you’ll know where to look.

Oh, those crazy Christians. Always questioning the world around them looking for answers to the things they don’t understand. Which would normally be a good thing, except when answers = scapegoating. Now that we’ve confirmed that Tinky Winky and his purse aren’t turning the world’s children into raging drag queens, the time has come for the Christian right to determine exactly what causes “teh gay”.

Apparently, it’s soy.

According to columnist Jim Rutz at WorldNetDaily (an informative site with articles titled “25 reasons to celebrate the nativity”, and why you should pull your children from public school (hint- it’s the debbil!!!), soy, which contains estrogen, is turning the fine, masculine young men of the United States into limp-wristed girlie-men.

Now, the full effects of a high-soy diet are not well known. Asian diets of all stripes (Chinese, Japanese et al) rely on soy, but usually in very pure or fermented forms, and in very small quantities. And western food companies use a great deal of refined soy in processed foods. Studies on the overall benefits or detriments of soy are all over the board, and most definitely rely on who paid for the study in the first place. But homosexuality has existed since the beginning of time, long before soy-based baby-formula became prevalent.

What I find the most amusing about this piece of… I’ll go with writing because using the term “journalism” would be an insult to real journalists, is that there’s absolutely NO mention of the Western World’s main source of soy, which is via meat. Beef cattle, unless specifically grass-fed to be natural and organic, are fed a combination of corn and soybeans.

So maybe if Rutz wants to ensure that the young men of his country don’t get teh gay, he should be posting a diatribe against factory-farmed beef and not poor, innocent blocks of tofu.

This coming August (2007) I will have lived in Toronto for twenty years. I have officially spent over half of my life here. I have spent the last few years writing about Toronto in various forums, and continue to write for websites where I cover the cool and interesting parts of this city that appeal to locals and visitors alike. Yet the list of local landmarks and icons that I have visited is relatively small.

I have never been to Center Island, have only this past summer been to Casa Loma, and have done the full tour of the AGO only once. I have never ridden the GO train, as that would mean having to go to the suburbs. I made it up the CN tower my first year here, but it was rather by fluke, and I was stoned off my ass, and it was before they put in the glass floor; I haven’t been back.

Landing smack dab in the middle of Kensington Market meant that my Toronto experience was a very different one from just about anybody else’s and the little bubble of the market provided everything I could ever need. Combine that with generally being cynical and misanthropic, and the desire to avoid the cliched tourist spots becomes more clear.

It means there is some stuff I missed out on, however, and one of those things is Lick’s.

Lick’s is a Toronto burger chain most well known for the fact that their staff sing. Now when I say “singing”, you’ll bring to mind your own concept of this, depending on your personal opinion of singing in general. I once had a downstairs neighbour who was inclined to sing.

After she moved in, people would ask, “How’s the new neighbour?”

“She sings,” would be my reply.

“Oh, how delightful!” they’d exclaim, or at least the normals would. Friends into the alternative music scene would furrow their brows sympathetically.

“I didn’t say she sang WELL,” I would say. “Just that she makes some kind of very loud noise, and appears to be attempting to make it sound melodious in some way.” I would go on to explain that, as far as we could tell, the new neighbor was stricken with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, for the majority of her singing took place before she left for work each morning at about eight-thirty when she would put on a olde tymey rinkly-tinkly piano version of “You Are My Sunshine”, and would sing along at the top of her lungs. Usually between three to ten times in a row before heading out the door. Her record was eighteen times, and resulted in the gal in the basement (who worked nights) threatening to kill her.

So “singing” doesn’t necessarily equal GOOD singing.

Such is the case with Lick’s. If I recall, it was one of the reasons why I was never inclined to eat there. “They sing? While people are eating? Oh, no, let’s go for dim sum and eat chicken feet instead.”

This is not to say that I have never eaten Lick’s food. Through a well-thought out marketing plan, their burgers are available frozen through a local grocery chain. And Lick’s happens to have a really thorough selection of vegetarian options, from chili and wraps to burgers. And oh, what burgers they are.

The Lick’s Nature Burger has won awards. It is the most meat-like veggie burger I’ve ever had, beating out the quite delicious President’s Choice World’s Best Meatless burger. It oozes juices when cooking, just like a beef burger. And the only way to tell if you’ve got a Nature burger as opposed to a Lick’s beef burger is to check the edges - both burgers are machine formed and start out with an obvious edge along the circumference. On the beef burger, this edge will round off during cooking as the fat melts away, while the Nature burger keeps its shape. Topped with Lick’s signature Guk!, some barbeque sauce and accompanied by a side of fries, a vanilla cola and some vegetarian gravy, I defy anyone to tell the difference.

The problem is that to enjoy this burger, you must endure the singing. And while the lure of a delicious veggie burger was enough to bring me in, it soon became clear that the singing was not a qualifying factor in the hiring process, even though Lick’s is well-known as the burger joint where the staff sing. Because burger joints are staffed with teenagers, and at no point ever has it been cool for teenagers to stand behind a burger grill singing little ditties about hamburgers.

That’s right, I forgot to tell you, Lick’s employees don’t sing songs - there are no Top 40 hits or melodic 4-part harmonies. No karaoke versions of Cyndi Lauper or the Killers. Most of what they sing are more like chants you’d hear a cheerleader yell - little 4-line call-backs about how tasty the burgers are, or how great it is to work at Lick’s. You’d need a microscope to see, never mind measure, the enthusiasm.

To my great relief, many of the Lick’s employees didn’t even bother to sing. They mouthed the words, some of them mumbling occasionally, and replied with reddening embarrassment to the team leader’s loud chants. Fortunately, it appeared that the “singing” only took place when the staff was moderately busy. When the line-up at the cash got long and the orders were coming fast and furious, the singing stopped so the cashier could call out the items, diner-style. And when it got very slow and quiet, they all dispersed to do other tasks like cleaning the fryer or mopping the floor. I only had to endure one 5-minute burst of song, and for that I was extremely grateful.

So now I can cross another Toronto experience off my list. I enjoyed my dinner at Lick’s - it was everything a fast food burger joint experience should be, and vegetarian to boot. But it’s not one I think I ever need to relive, unless I’m in the ‘hood alone (the Lick’s I went to was in Greektown, an area full of big family restaurants where a single woman dining alone would have caused a stir) and am craving a burger.

In the meantime, I’ve bought a box of frozen Nature Burgers and am more than happy to have peace and quiet while I prepare the things.

A reader asked for a bunch of my holiday recipes, and here are the ones I can dig up actual recipes for.

Honey Sand Balls.

Santa’s Whiskers - note - never in 15 years have I been able to get this dough to firm up in slices. I usually end up rolling it in balls and them flattening them to resemble slices.

As for the truffles, I have to fess up and say that I don’t really use a recipe.

The marzipan is simply a block of store-bought marzipan (good stuff, not the kind in the tub full of chemicals) and pieces of candied grapefruit peel (done in the same way the orange peels are candied), formed into a little sandwich with the grapefruit in the centre. Press the edges together to keep the thing from falling apart and then dip in white chocolate.

The chili cinnamon truffles are a basic truffle ganache with cinnamon and chili powder (NOT cayenne!) added to taste. These get a bit spicer overnight, so don’t get too heavy-handed. Form into balls and then roll in either cocoa mixed with more cinnamon or hot chocolate powder.

The lime ginger creams are made from a basic cooked fondant. Take 1/3 cup butter or margarine, 1/3 cup corn syrup and 2 cups powdered sugar and bring to a boil, stirring constantly. Stir in an additional 2 cups of powdered sugar and stir to remove all lumps. Strain this if you get sugar lumps. Take 1/3 of this mixute and flavour with the rind of one lime, plus the juice of half a lime. Add about 1/4 cup chopped candied ginger. Check this for consistency and add more powdered sugar if it’s too wet - you want something that can be rolled or shaped. Chill your shaped fondant and melt chocolate over a double boiler. Dip and place onto waxed paper - garnish with more candied ginger.

By popular demand, photos of what’s been keeping me from regular updates recently.

Not a lot of cookies, as my family tend to be more into the chocolates and candies.

Over the years, I’ve had to expand the repertoire to include everyone’s favourites.

This year, my first working in a kitchen with a concrete floor, the Christmas marathon was a painful one. There were plenty of faults with the kitchen in my old apartment, but my back is really missing the wonderfully springy hardwood floor.

Back row:
canded orange peel
Zimsterne Stars - a meringue-based cookie with almonds and hazelnuts
Honey Sand Balls - buttery shortbread flavoured with honey and walnuts
Santa’s Whiskers - cherries and pecans in a sugar dough rolled in coconut. These are supposed to be slice cookies, but for the life of me I can never get them to slice properly so I end up rolling them in balls.

Middle row:
coffee truffles rolled in chocolate cookie crumbs
lime ginger cream dipped in dark chocolate and garnished with candied ginger
raspberry truffle with red sprinkles
coconut cream diped in dark chocolate and topped with coconut
sugar plums - dried fruit and nuts mixed with booze (triple sec and coconut rum), rolled in sugar
Chocolate Almond Toffee

Front row:
pumpkin truffle dipped in milk chocolate and drizzled, Jackson Pollock style, in white chocolate
peppermint patty
orange cream dipped in dark chocolate and garnished with candied orange peel
chili and cinnamon truffle
marzipan and candied grapefruit dipped in white chocolate

I’m not posting recipes for everything, but if you see something you want a recipe for, give a yell and I can post them individually.

The Way We Eat – Why Our Food Choices Matter by Jim Mason and Peter Singer

I generally have two concerns with any book about food ethics. First and foremost, that the authors are inadvertently “preaching to the choir”; that is, unless you are already interested or concerned about where your food comes from, you’re unlikely to read such a book in the first place, thus the knowledge shared from reading such a tome is not reaching the people who need it most. Secondly, it’s important to know the author’s personal stance on the issues, because no matter how unbiased they might try to be, generally their own opinions show through.

Which is why Peter Singer and Jim Mason want us all to be vegans.

The Way We Eat examines the eating habits of three different families, and traces their food choices back to their point of origin. Singer and Mason visit with a family that eats the Standard American Diet (SAD); another who are split between a predominantly vegetarian diet focussed on organic foods and a small amount of sustainably-raised meat; and finally a family who are completely vegan.

As they cruise the supermarket aisles, each family offers various justifications (or excuses) for their choices – time, cost and taste are just a few of the reasons. Concerns about supporting local businesses, animal welfare and health are also mentioned.

All three families face some surprises when Singer and Mason reveal to them the path their food had taken to arrive at their table. The SAD family and the organic-focussed family are shocked to find that many of their choices are not as great as they seemed to be – they had no idea of the conditions that chickens (even “free-range” chickens) live under to provide eggs. The mother of the organic family was buying expensive fish by mail-order without realizing she was eating species that were being over-fished or that destroyed other sea animals as they were harvested. Even the vegan family, the most virtuous by far, were shocked when they learned of the impact their locally-grown, out of season tomatoes was having on the environment – Singer and Mason calculated they would be better off buying imported tomatoes in the off-season, as the energy needed to heat the greenhouse for the local tomatoes was greater than the energy needed to truck the fruit from Florida.

Looking at every aspect of where our food comes from and how it gets to us, Singer and Mason measure not just the impact our food choices have on the animals, but also the impact we have on the environment as well as farm and factory workers. They make a decent case for not eating exclusively local produce with the reasoning that trade with foreign countries brings economic benefits to the farmers there.

The encourage people to eat locally, in-season produce, but bring up other issues, such as:

Local food: There are various reasons why, other things being equal, it is better to buy local food. The most important is reducing the use of fossil fuels. Greater transparancy is another. But other issues arise. Some of these are directly related to energy usage:

- Local early vegetables may have been grown with heat, using more fuel than required to transport them from a warmer growing region.
- Delivering small quantities of local products to many different markets may use more fuel than trucking a full load to a more distant supermarket.
- Consumers who drive to outlying local farms or markets instead of doing one-stop shopping at a supermarket may use as much fuel as would have gone into bringing the products from more distant growers to their supermarkets.
- Food production in another country may be less energy intensive than domestic production, and the difference may be greater than the energy used in shipping the food thousands of miles.

Being ardent animals rights supporters, Singer and Mason ultimately determine that the most ethical food choice regarding meat, chicken and fish is to not eat any at all. They concede that animals from places such as Niman Ranch live far better lives than their factory farm counterparts, but still feel that the slaughtering process (which by law must be done in a slaughterhouse and not on the farm) is still harmful to the animals as it places them back in the “factory” setting where little care is taken to adhere to proper animal husbandry practices, and because ultimately an animal still dies to feed us.

My biggest concern with the book is the overall tone it takes. Singer and Mason believe we should all know exactly where our food comes from, and what it went through to get to our table, but seem oblivious as to exactly how much work that really involves. If it took them months of research to track down the origins of a few select foods for a book, how practical is it to expect the average overworked household to know the exact path every morsel of food they eat has taken? Instead of encouraging individuals to visit farms and spend hours doing research on every food item they eat, I’d have preferred to see the authors encouraging changes to a variety of standards so that we can all be assured that our food has been raised in a safe, healthy, ethical environment.

Readers already interested in the issues of food ethics will find this book hard to put down, but I suspect everyone else will feel overwhelmed by all the work they are expected to do before they even begin to think about getting dinner on the table.

This post was originally published on Growers and Grocers, part of the WellFed Network.

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